Who else revolutionized the way we eat?

                                          
                                              

Another pioneer in the low-carb revolution was a Canadian explorer by the name of Vilhjalmur Stefansson (1879-1962), who lived with the Inuit tribe for some time and witnessed that their diet consisted mainly of meat and fish with very little carbohydrates and some berries in the summer how ever the Inuit diet has been proven to be non-ketogenic as roughly 15%-20% of its calories are from carbohydrates, largely glycogen that is found in raw meats. Stefansson and his scientific partner lived for a year under close medical watch on only an Inuit diet and suffered no ill health this includes being completely free of scurvy of which doctors believed they would both acquire in only a short few months.
Another pioneer is Robert Atkins, while not being a completely carbohydrate free diet it dies reduce carb intake to a ketogenic level in its initial stages allowing followers to take advantage of the fat burning mechanism that is ketosis. According to Atkins this nutritional approach is more effective for weight loss than a low fat high carbohydrate diet.
In 1939 two scientists from Denmark Christensen and Hansen made a study of low carbohydrate, moderate carbohydrate and high carbohydrate diets, each one lasting one week. At the end of each diet, the subjects endurance time to exhaustion on a stationary bicycle was measured and they found that with the low carbohydrate they lasted 81 minutes while they were able to ride 206 minutes after the high carbohydrate diet.
In 1946 another experiment was made by kark, Johnson and Lewis to determine the effects of pemmican (a mixture of dry meat and fat) as an emergency ration for infantry troops in Canada, the results on this study showed that in three days soldiers were unable to complete their assigned tasks.
In 1980, Stephen Phinney performed an experiment on which subjects "physical performance" was tested while eating zero carb diet over a longer period of time, in the first week they showed the same degradation of performance as earlier studies. After six weeks though their endurance performance had fully recovered suggesting that it takes longer to adapt to a fully ketogenic diet.
On the other side, a study by the Beth Isreal Deaconess Medical Centre (BIDMC), a teaching hospital of Harvard Medical School, revealed after a study made with mice with different diets that with a low carbohydrate there is a significant impact on the atherosclerosis, even though it didn't affect cholesterol levels.
Anthony Rosenzweig, a professor of Medicine at Harvard found that the increae in plaque build up in the blood vessels and the impaired ability to form new blood vessels were associated with the reduction in a vascular progenitor cells, which some researchers claim could play a protective role in keeping vascular health.
Also a 2014 study at (NIH) showed that a low carbohydrate diet was more effective in weight loss than a low fat diet and that while weight loss did occur with the low fat, high carb diet, that the most weight loss was from muscle mass as compared to stored body fat in comparison.
Alexander Strohle, Maike Wolters and Andreas Hahn, with the department of food science at the University of Hanover, rely on Bjerregaard et al.(2003) to argue that the hunters like the Inuit, who traditionally obtain most of their dietary energy from wild animals and there fore eat a low carbohydrate diet, seem to have a high mortality rate from coronary heart disease, but the study did not control for carbohydrate consumption or smoking, which is significant, considering it was a "westernised" Inuit populace of which 79% were current smokers and more than likely ate a non traditional diet.